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This paper presents an optimal control-based energy management strategy for a parallel hybrid electric vehicle (HEV). Not only does this strategy try to minimize fuel consumption while maintaining the state of charge of the battery within reasonable bounds, it also seeks to minimize wear of the battery and extend its life. This paper focuses on understanding the optimal control solution offered by Pontryagin's minimum principle (PMP) in this context. Simulation-based results are presented and analyzed, which show that the control algorithm is able to reduce battery wear by decreasing battery operating severity factor with minimal fuel economy penalty. The benefit of this strategy is especially evident when ambient and driving conditions are especially severe.
Li et al. (Fri,) studied this question.