The effects of ensemble singing on heaviness in metal music: Revisiting a systematic approach

This article explores how ensemble vocals contribute to the perception of heaviness in metal music. It argues that heaviness is not solely an instrumental attribute but may also be influenced by vocal techniques, arrangement and production. Drawing from Herbst and Mynett’s research on heaviness, the article analyses how that framework applies to ensemble vocals. It distinguishes between absolute aspects (e.g. distortion and frequency spectrum) and relational aspects (e.g. vocal clarity, psychoacoustic space and symbolic extremity) of heaviness. Case studies reveal the limitations of a purely instrumental lens on heaviness. The article further proposes that the relationships between elements in the composition and production of a track are significant aspects to consider when discussing heaviness, highlighting how it can be shaped by the interplay of physical and relational aspects, encompassing compositional choices and cultural expectations.