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The dielectric, piezoelectric and elastic properties of 0.91(PbZn 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 –0.09PbTiO 3 single crystals have been investigated as functions of temperature and applied electric field. Two multiple phase transitions at 68°C and 178°C, the crystal changing from the rhombohedral ferroelectric phase to tetragonal ferroelectric and then to cubic paraelectric, have been observed. Both the transitions are of first-order, but both are slightly diffused. Significant increases in the dielectric, piezoelectric and elastic constants are observed at the lower transition point. In particular, the sample poled along the pseudo-cubic 001 axis reveals anomalously large piezoelectric and electro-mechanical coupling constants at room temperature in the rhombohedral phase ( d 001// =1500×10 -12 C/N, k 001// =0.92).
Kuwata et al. (1982) studied this question.