Greater self-efficacy (OR 0.66; 95% CI 0.56-0.78) and higher perceived social support (OR 0.92; 95% CI 0.89-0.95) were independently associated with reduced odds of a high symptom burden profile.
Cross-Sectional (n=312)
No
In patients with T2DM, distinct psychosomatic symptom profiles exist, with high symptom burden associated with greater clinical complexity, diminished psychosocial resources, and impaired quality of life independent of glycemic control.
Effect estimate: OR 0.66 (95% CI 0.56-0.78)
Psychosomatic symptoms are highly prevalent among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), yet they often cluster into heterogeneous patterns that are inadequately characterized by single-symptom assessments or composite scores. This study aimed to identify latent psychosomatic symptom profiles in T2DM and to examine their associations with clinical characteristics, psychosocial resources, and health-related quality of life. This single-center cross-sectional study enrolled 312 adults with T2DM. Six psychosomatic symptom domains (depressive symptoms, anxiety, fatigue, sleep quality, pain intensity, and diabetes-related distress) were assessed as continuous indicators and analyzed using latent profile analysis. Sociodemographic and clinical variables, psychosocial resources (self-efficacy and perceived social support), and quality-of-life measures were compared across identified profiles. Multinomial logistic regression was conducted with the low symptom burden profile as the reference, using a clinical model (age, diabetes duration, and glycated hemoglobin) and an extended model incorporating psychosocial resources. Among the 312 participants (mean age 58.5 ± 10.3 years; 59.6% male), a 3-profile solution provided optimal fit (entropy = 0.93; Lo–Mendell–Rubin test P = .012). The profiles comprised a low symptom burden group (59.6%), a high fatigue–emotional distress group (21.8%), and a high overall symptom burden group (18.6%). Symptom severity differed significantly across profiles (all P < .001). Compared with the low symptom burden profile, individuals in the high symptom burden profile were older, had longer diabetes duration, and more frequently reported neuropathy and prior hypoglycemia (all P ≤ .05), whereas glycated hemoglobin and body mass index did not differ significantly. In multivariable analyses, greater self-efficacy (odds ratio 0.66, 95% confidence interval 0.56–0.78) and higher perceived social support (odds ratio 0.92, 95% confidence interval 0.89–0.95) were independently associated with reduced odds of belonging to the high symptom burden profile. Health-related quality of life demonstrated a clear gradient across profiles, with the poorest physical and mental health scores in the high symptom burden group ( P < .001). Distinct psychosomatic symptom profiles were identified among patients with T2DM. A high symptom burden profile was characterized by greater clinical complexity, diminished psychosocial resources, and substantially impaired quality of life, independent of glycemic control.
Yin et al. (Fri,) conducted a cross-sectional in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (n=312). Self-efficacy and perceived social support vs. Low symptom burden profile was evaluated on Belonging to the high symptom burden profile (OR 0.66, 95% CI 0.56-0.78). Greater self-efficacy (OR 0.66; 95% CI 0.56-0.78) and higher perceived social support (OR 0.92; 95% CI 0.89-0.95) were independently associated with reduced odds of a high symptom burden profile.