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This paper presents a detection scheme for DC side short-circuit faults of photovoltaic (PV) arrays that consist of multiple PV panels connected in a series/parallel configuration. Such faults are nearly undetectable under low irradiance conditions, particularly, when a maximum power point tracking algorithm is in-service. If remain undetected, these faults can considerably lower the output energy of solar systems, damage the panels, and potentially cause fire hazards. The proposed fault detection scheme is based on a pattern recognition approach that employs a multiresolution signal decomposition technique to extract the necessary features, based on which a fuzzy inference system determines if a fault has occurred. The presented case studies (both simulation and experimental) demonstrate the effective and reliable performance of the proposed method in detecting PV array faults.
Yi et al. (Thu,) studied this question.