ABSTRACT Transparent and robust anti‐fog coatings are highly demanded in advanced optical systems. Herein, a waterborne Interpenetrating Polymer Network (IPN) hydrogel coating P(AM90‐AMPS15‐HOA5)‐PVA30‐B4 was fabricated via two‐step polymerization and borate cross‐linking. Increasing borate content to 4 mol% refines PVA‐rich nanodomains to ∼2.7 nm, suppresses Mie scattering, and achieves 96% transmittance with haze as low as 1.9%. The coating exhibits outstanding durability, retaining 96% transmittance after 120 h dust exposure at 85% Relative Humidity (RH), meeting MIL‐PRF‐32432 standards. Coupled with Low‐Rank Adaptation (LoRA), a lightweight dehazing algorithm, the physical‐digital synergistic system elevates Peak Signal‐to‐Noise Ratio (PSNR) to 28.6 dB and achieves Structural Similarity Index Measure (SSIM) above 0.92 with excellent color fidelity, outperforming commercial coatings and single algorithm pipelines. This work provides a green, scalable strategy for high‐performance anti‐fog coatings and a universal paradigm for physical‐digital integrated optical imaging.
Li et al. (Thu,) studied this question.