Mechanistic insights into hydrothermal carbon formation: from biomass to pyrolyzed carbons with enhanced interparticle connectivity for energy-related applications

Key Points

• Explore the mechanisms of hydrothermal carbonization using biomass to produce carbon materials.
• Systematic exploration of HTC reaction mechanisms
• Utilization of wheat straw as a second-generation biomass
• Analysis of interparticle connectivity in carbon products
• Demonstrated transformation of biomass residues into carbon materials
• Achieved enhanced interparticle connectivity in pyrolyzed carbons
• Showed potential for energy-related applications