Silence in Iraqi Civil Law

Methods of expressing the will are external means and manifestations that convey the will from the inner self to the external world or to the knowledge of others. These methods are either positive or negative. Expression is a means of revealing the will, through which it manifests to the external world, producing its effects in every way that allows the will to be communicated to others and its content accurately understood. Therefore, there is no specific form that must be adopted to express the will. There are many means by which the will is disclosed, working to transfer the latent will within the self to an outward will known to others. These means are divided into positive manifestations, generally suitable for expressing the will, such as speech, writing, gestures, and positive stances indicative of the will, and negative manifestations, suitable specifically for expressing the will under certain circumstances and contextual clues that lead to the meaning of the will, as is the case with silence expressing the will.