Abstract Background Roles of induction chemotherapy (ICT) and chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for laryngeal preservation in patients with locally advanced laryngeal cancer (LC) remain unclear. Patients and methods We enrolled 834 patients with T3N0-2M0 and T4aN0-2M0 LC registered in the Head and Neck Cancer Registry of Japan between 2011 and 2015. Oncological outcomes of total laryngectomy (TL), CRT, and ICT were evaluated. Propensity score-matching analyses (PSMA) were performed between TL and CRT, excluding ICT. Results No significant differences were observed in overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) among patients treated by TL, CRT, and ICT followed by TL or CRT, and among patients treated by TL and CRT in PSMA. Of note, no significant difference was observed in LCR and LRFS between TL and ICT groups. Conclusions ICT and CRT did not yield survival benefits but might contribute to laryngeal preservation without compromising survival in patients with T3-4aN0-2M0.
Yamamura et al. (Thu,) studied this question.