Characterization and performance of building composites made from gypsum and woody-biomass ash waste: A product development and application study

The aim of this study is to explore the potential of using biomass-ash waste as a secondary raw material for building composites. The waste is generated by a thermal power plant that burns woody biomass and would otherwise be disposed of in landfills. The study investigates the physical and mechanical properties of gypsum-based composites containing different proportions of biomass-ash waste and compares them with the reference and regulatory documents. The study also proposes some possible building applications for the optimal composite and evaluates its performance through simulations. The results indicate that adding up to 25% wood ash can improve the mechanical strength of the composites, exceeding the reference and minimum requirements. The proposed building applications using the new composite reach a reduction in the environmental impact and an improvement in the energy efficiency of the building envelope. • A new gypsum composite for building applications following circular economy criteria is characterized. • Wooden biomass ash can be incorporated up to 25% in gypsum composites complying with the standards. • Plates for suspended ceiling and plasterboads are designed with lower environmental impact and greater energy efficiency.