In today's environment, transport project management requires new approaches to stakeholder engagement, as traditional tools do not provide adequate coordination in complex, dynamic, and politically risky conditions. The lack of integrated models of interaction, insufficient localization of European standards in Ukrainian realities, and the lack of quantitative methods for assessing trust and transparency complicate the effective management of transport initiatives. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a conceptual model for interacting with stakeholders in transport projects based on ecosystem and polycentric approaches, which will combine formal, informal, and digital coordination mechanisms. Based on the research, a conceptual model of the ecosystem was developed, integrating institutional, organizational, social, and digital dimensions of governance. The basic principles (transparency, mutual benefit, responsibility, inclusiveness) have been defined, communication channels (digital platforms, consultations, working groups) and coordination mechanisms (regulations, trust, innovative digital tools) have been outlined. The proposed model shows how the combination of government, business, social, and international partners reduces transaction costs and increases the sustainability of transport enterprise projects. The developed model forms the basis for the practical implementation of a system for managing interaction with stakeholders in transport projects. Further research will focus on formalizing interactions by developing mathematical models using multi-criteria analysis, social network analysis, and simulation DSS systems, which will allow a transition from qualitative descriptions to quantitative assessment of impacts and risks
Lytvyshko et al. (Tue,) studied this question.