Lung cancer causes over 1.8 million fatalities each year, making it one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Its aggressive nature and high propensity for metastasis contribute significantly to patient mortality. As one of the most common causes of death globally, lung cancer is a serious public health concern, with tobacco smoking being the primary risk factor. Based on histological differences, lung cancer can be classified as small-cell lung cancer or nonsmall- cell lung cancer, the latter accounting for approximately 85% of all cases. Due to its high mortality rate, lung tumors are responsible for the majority of cancer-related deaths worldwide, accounting for about 27%. Alarmingly, projections indicate worsening trends; by 2035, lung cancer is expected to claim 3 million lives. Several natural product compounds exhibit anticancer properties through molecular mechanisms, such as targeting reactive oxygen species signaling, reversing multidrug resistance, inhibiting proliferation and metastasis, and inducing apoptosis. Currently, numerous novel cancer treatments are being developed using microspheres, nanoparticles, and other advanced technologies. Biodegradable polymers can deliver pharmaceutical molecules with diverse properties through various mechanisms, reducing dosage requirements and side effects. These systems are widely employed to overcome the challenges posed by lung malignancies. Since the goal of nanotherapeutic drug delivery systems is to regulate tumor cell proliferation, they have shown promise in lung cancer treatment. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive summary of lung cancer, including its etiology, diagnosis, and treatment through phytomolecules and novel therapeutic strategies.
Nooreen et al. (Tue,) studied this question.