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Drawing on policy documents and expert interviews, this article investigateshow feminist foreign policies (FFPs) are shaped by and shape gender anddevelopment. Gender and development refers to gender equality projectscarried out by donors, international organizations, and non-governmentalorganizations within the context of uneven development of capitalism acrosstime and space. The article shows that five logics operate in relation togender and development in FFPs: neoliberal, colonialist, liberal, intersectional,and anti-colonial logics. It demonstrates that while FFPs of Canada, France,and Luxembourg tend to reproduce certain colonialist logics, FFPs of othercountries introduce intersectional (Mexico, Spain, Chile, and the Netherlands)and anti-colonial (Germany) perspectives. The article further reveals thatwhile going beyond the colonialist logics of gender and development, FFPdiscourse and practice do not challenge its neoliberal logics. It shows thatFFPs continue to emphasize how the work on gender equality can contributeto economic growth, instead of focusing on how gender equality can matterin its own right and how economic growth can contribute to genderinequality. The article concludes that FFPs are shaped by the modus operandiof gender and development rather than transforming it.
Ekatherina Zhukova (Sun,) studied this question.