Women with heart failure qualifying for a primary prevention ICD had lower age-adjusted all-cause mortality (HR 0.76; 95% CI 0.68-0.85) and sudden death risk (HR 0.69) than men.
Cohort (n=8,337)
Yes
Are there sex differences in all-cause mortality and mode of death among ambulatory heart failure patients who meet criteria for a primary prevention ICD?
Women with heart failure eligible for primary prevention ICDs have lower all-cause mortality and fewer sudden deaths compared to men, which may explain potential sex differences in ICD benefit.
Effect estimate: HR 0.76 (95% CI 0.68-0.85)
p-value: p=<0.0001
BACKGROUND: Whether sex differences in implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) benefit exist remains unanswered. We evaluated sex differences in mode of death among a large cohort of ambulatory heart failure patients who meet criteria for a primary prevention ICD. METHODS AND RESULTS: Patients from 5 trials or registries were included if they met American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association/Heart Rhythm Society guideline criteria for implantation of a primary prevention ICD. We investigated the potential sex differences in total deaths and total deaths by mode of death. The relationship between the estimated total mortality and mode of death by percentage of total mortality was also analyzed by sex. The Seattle Heart Failure Model was used to estimate total mortality in this analysis. A total of 8337 patients (1685 20% women) met inclusion criteria. One-year mortality was 10.8±0.3%. In women, the age-adjusted all-cause mortality was 24% lower (hazard ratio HR, 0.76; confidence interval CI, 0.68-0.85; P<0.0001), the risk of sudden death was 31% lower (HR, 0.69; CI, 0.58-0.83; P<0.0001), but no significant difference in pump failure death was observed. Throughout a range of total mortality risk, women had a 20% lower all-cause mortality (HR, 0.80; CI, 0.71-0.89; P<0.001) and 29% fewer deaths that were sudden (HR, 0.71; CI, 0.59-0.86;P<0.001) compared with men. CONCLUSIONS: Women with heart failure have a lower mortality than men, and fewer of those deaths are sudden throughout a spectrum of all-cause mortality risk. These data provide a plausible reason for and thus support the possibility that sex differences in ICD benefit may exist.
Rho et al. (Wed,) conducted a cohort in Heart failure qualifying for primary prevention ICD (n=8,337). Female sex vs. Male sex was evaluated on Age-adjusted all-cause mortality (HR 0.76, 95% CI 0.68-0.85, p=<0.0001). Women with heart failure qualifying for a primary prevention ICD had lower age-adjusted all-cause mortality (HR 0.76; 95% CI 0.68-0.85) and sudden death risk (HR 0.69) than men.