The integration of Internet of Things (IoT) with blockchain technology introduces significant challenges in handling massive and frequent transaction data generated by distributed IoT devices. The Unspent Transaction Output (UTXO) model, widely adopted in blockchain systems like Bitcoin, faces critical scalability issues when applied to IoT environments. This is because the datasets it processes expand rapidly, which consumes a large amount of memory and increases the disk access latency of resource-constrained IoT nodes. Existing optimization approaches exhibit limitations in dynamic adaptability and protocol compatibility. To address these challenges, we propose an improved blockchain-empowered storage service that introduces a data association-based multi-zone storage framework for UTXO-based blockchain systems. This service establishes a predictive model for UTXO access probability by analyzing IoT device transaction time intervals and address-specific frequencies. Subsequently, we design a dynamic three-zone storage framework that intelligently optimizes UTXO placement. Experimental results demonstrate that our approach significantly reduces disk access and optimizes memory usage compared with prevalent algorithms, while maintaining compatibility with existing UTXO-based protocols.
Fang et al. (Thu,) studied this question.