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The position of the proton magnetic resonance is concentration dependent in aqueous solutions of electrolytes yielding hydrogen containing ions. Chemical exchange averages the chemical shifts in the proton resonance position over the different chemical species. The averaged shifts observed are correlated with dissociation of the solute, and evidence is obtained in very concentrated solutions for the incomplete dissociation of HNO3, HClO4, and H2SO4 and for the formation of ion pairs of Na+OH−. A theoretical analysis of the relation between the magnetic absorption line shape and the chemical exchange frequency suggests that rather short chemical lifetimes can be measured; at least one can infer from the appearance of a single or complex resonance that the average lifetime is greater or less, respectively, than a determinable value in a range about 10−2 to 10−4 sec.
Gutowsky et al. (Thu,) studied this question.