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The international trading environment is shaped by the so-called ‘new regionalism’, an increasingly complex phenomenon with a rapid proliferation of Regional Integration Agreements (RIAs), overlapping memberships, deeper integration efforts and trade blocs signed between developing and industrialised countries. This article will address the following questions: Whathappened with African Trade Integration in the last 60 years? Has African regionalism been a failure? What factors led to some unfavourable developments? How has Africa been infl uenced by the phenomenon of new regionalism? What are the barriers to increased effective regional integration?
Bachinger et al. (Fri,) studied this question.