Problem-based learning flipped classroom design for developing higher-order thinking skills during the COVID-19 pandemic in geometry domain

Abstract Higher-order thinking skills are skills demanded by society for the 21st century and ability that is required to succeed academically and in the work environment. As one of the learning objectives in the 21st century, higher-order thinking skills developed since in primary education until higher education. A variety of learning methods and learning media developed to develop this thinking ability. The purpose of this study is to design a learning model to improve the Higher Order Thinking Skills in geometry. It is the literature review study based on related articles and books. The sources were analyzed to formulate a useful learning model. The results show that Problem Based Learning Flipped Classroom improve students’ Higher Order Thinking Skills, and appropriate to be used during The Covid-19 Pandemic. Also, Problem Based Learning Flipped Classroom provides students the opportunity to increase self-directed learning and collaboration.