Hierarchically porous activated carbon derived from Lansium domesticum peel via hydrothermal-H 3 PO 4 activation for enhanced methylene blue removal: adsorption behavior, advanced modeling and mechanistic insights

Key Points

• The aim is to improve the removal of synthetic dyes from wastewater using activated carbon derived from Lansium domesticum peel.
• Hydrothermal activation of Lansium domesticum peel using phosphoric acid.
• Advanced modeling to analyze adsorption behavior.
• Evaluation of mechanistic insights on dye removal efficiency.
• Activated carbon significantly improved methylene blue removal rate.
• Adsorption capacity demonstrated enhanced performance compared to conventional adsorbents.
• Modeling provided insights into the adsorption process and mechanisms involved.