Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers are the most effective first-line drugs for treating hypertension in diabetes, with individualized blood pressure targets.
This review outlines a practical approach to managing hypertension in patients with diabetes, emphasizing individualized blood pressure targets, the use of ACE inhibitors or ARBs as first-line therapy, and the potential adjunctive benefits of newer antidiabetic agents.
Hypertension is one of the most important comorbidities of diabetes, contributing significantly to death and disability and leads to macrovascular and microvascular complications. When assessing the medical priorities for patients with diabetes, treating hypertension should be a primary consideration. Practical approaches to hypertension in diabetes, including individualized targets are discussed, as per stage and complication of diabetes, according to current studies and guidelines. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI)/angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are the most effective drugs for treating hypertension in diabetes, in the absence of contraindications. Calcium antagonists or diuretics are acceptable as second-line agents. Once the target is achieved, antihypertensive drugs should be continued. Newer antidiabetes medications such as sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RA), and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i) have antihypertensive properties and may assist in treatment decision-making.
Altamash Shaikh (Tue,) conducted a review in Hypertension in Diabetes. Antihypertensive and antidiabetic medications was evaluated. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers are the most effective first-line drugs for treating hypertension in diabetes, with individualized blood pressure targets.
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