Abnormal Cardiac Na + Channel Properties and QT Heart Rate Adaptation in Neonatal Ankyrin B Knockout Mice

The cytoskeleton of the cardiomyocyte has been shown to modulate ion channel function. Cytoskeletal disruption in vitro alters Na(+) channel kinetics, producing a late Na(+) current that can prolong repolarization. This study describes the properties of the cardiac Na(+) channel and cardiac repolarization in neonatal mice lacking ankyrin(B), a cytoskeletal "adaptor" protein. Using whole-cell voltage clamp techniques, I(Na) density was lower in ankyrin(B)(-/-) ventricular myocytes than in wild-type (WT) myocytes (-307+/-26 versus -444+/-39 pA/pF, P<0.01). Ankyrin(B)(-/-) myocytes exhibited a hyperpolarizing shift in activation and inactivation kinetics compared with WT. Slower recovery from inactivation contributed to the negative shift in steady-state inactivation in ankyrin(B)(-/-). Single Na(+) channel mean open time was longer in ankyrin(B)(-/-) versus WT at test potentials (V(t)) of -40 mV (1.0+/-0.1 versus 0. 61+/-0.04 ms, P<0.05) and -50 mV (0.8+/-0.1 versus 0.39+/-0.05 ms, P<0.05). Ankyrin(B)(-/-) exhibited late single-channel openings at V(t) -40 and -50 mV, which were not seen in WT. Late I(Na) contributed to longer action potential durations measured at 90% repolarization (APD(90)) at 1 Hz stimulation in ankyrin(B)(-/-) compared with WT (354+/-26 versus 274+/-22 ms, P<0.05). From ECG recordings of neonatal mice, heart rates were slower in ankyrin(B)(-/-) than in WT (380+/-14 versus 434+/-13 bpm, P<0.01). Although the QT interval was similar in ankyrin(B)(-/-) and WT at physiological heart rates, QT-interval prolongation in response to heart rate deceleration was greater in ankyrin(B)(-/-). In conclusion, Na(+) channels in ankyrin(B)(-/-) display reduced I(Na) density and abnormal kinetics at the whole-cell and single-channel level that contribute to prolonged APD(90) and abnormal QT-rate adaptation.