What question did this study set out to answer?

This study aims to develop and validate educational materials for healthcare professionals to improve snakebite management.

May 31, 2026Open Access

Development and Validation of Information, Education, and Communication Materials for Capacity Building in Snakebite Management for Healthcare Professionals of North Karnataka

Key Points

This study aims to develop and validate educational materials for healthcare professionals to improve snakebite management.
Conducted a content validation study in two phases.
Developed materials based on WHO and Indian health guidelines for various healthcare workers.
Evaluated content validity using assessments from subject experts and 30 healthcare workers.
All evaluated content domains had mean scores ≥3.5 and I-CVI ≥0.80 across 12 domains.
Target evaluations resulted in strong S-CVI: ASHAs 1.00, medical officers 0.95, nurses 0.92.
All items scored I-CVI ≥0.95, confirming robust validity.

Abstract

AbstractProblem considered Snakebite envenomation is a neglected tropical disease that causes substantial morbidity and mortality in India, disproportionately affecting rural and tribal communities. Despite the availability of anti-snake venom, the limited capacity of healthcare professionals and delays in referral remain critical challenges in snakebite management in North Karnataka. Information, Education, and Communication (IEC) materials have the potential to mitigate these gaps by empowering frontline healthcare providers. The present study was undertaken to develop and validate educational materials on snakebite management. Methods A content validation study was conducted in two phases. Educational materials were developed using available reference materials from WHO, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, the National Centre for Disease Control, and ICMR–NIRRCH, focusing on local requirements and target groups (medical officers, staff nurses, peripheral health workers, and traditional healers). Subject experts assessed the draft materials for face validity. Thirty healthcare workers, ten from each cadre, were purposively sampled to evaluate the posters for content validity. A Content Validity Index analysis was performed. Educational materials were then translated into Hindi, Kannada, and Marathi, with back-translation and cultural adaptation. Results All 12 evaluated content domains achieved acceptable-to-excellent validity with mean domain scores ≥3.5 and I-CVI ≥0.80. Target user evaluations demonstrated excellent Scale-level CVI (S-CVI) across groups: ASHAs 1.00, medical officers 0.95, nurses 0.92. All evaluation items scored I-CVI ≥0.95, confirming strong face and content validity. Conclusion The IEC materials are medically accurate, culturally appropriate, clear, and user-friendly. They represent scalable and standardized tools for training healthcare workers in snakebite management and can support national snakebite control strategies. CTRI registration number CTRI/2023/06/054309

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Cite This Study

Basava et al. (Fri,) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a1bcfb05783ba022b6fbbb3 https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cegh.2026.102396

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