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A class of methods that estimate the difference in arrival time between two signals corrupted by spatially correlated Gaussian noise sources of unknown cross correlation is presented. The methods are based on the idea of comparing the similarities between the two sensor measurements in higher-order spectrum domains (bispectrum) rather than in the cross-correlation domain. It is demonstrated that the time delay estimation techniques based on higher-order spectra suppress the effect of correlated Gaussian noise sources and therefore exhibit improved performance over generalized cross-correlation methods. Studies are shown for different lengths of data records and signal-to-noise ratios.>
Nikias et al. (Mon,) studied this question.
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