Does sodium nitroprusside continuous intravenous infusion improve symptoms, ST elevations, and ventricular arrhythmias in hypertensive patients with acute myocardial infarction refractory to conventional treatment?
Sodium nitroprusside infusion may be an effective therapy for reversing refractory ischemia and ventricular arrhythmias in hypertensive patients with acute myocardial infarction.
Five hypertensive patients with acute myocardial infarction and persistent postinfarction hypertension who experienced severe and recurrent resting chest pain, ST elevations, and severe ventricular arrhythmias refractory to conventional treatment with bed rest, sedation, oxygen inhalation, nitrates, and antiarrhythmic agents received sodium nitroprusside by continuous intravenous infusion, titrated to reduce systolic blood pressure to 100 to 110 mm Hg. Treatment resulted in noticeable improvement in symptoms, reduction in ST elevations, and abolition of ventricular arrhythmias in all five patients. In four patients, cessation of nitroprusside infusion after 48 hours resulted in prompt recurrence of hypertension, chest pain, ST-segment elevations, and ventricular arrhythmias. These were all rapidly reversed following reinstitution of the nitroprusside therapy for seven to eight days, strongly suggesting a cause-and-effect relationship. Nitroprusside infusion in these patients suggests a potentially important use for such therapy in this clinical setting.
Debabrata Mukherjee (Mon,) studied this question.
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