Production of orthophoto map using UAV photogrammetry: A case study in UTHM Pagoh campus

Orthophoto map is one in which the line-work and symbols of a conventional map are replaced by the orthophotographic image. The development of current technology has introduced the Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) as an alternative to conventional photogrammetry in creating orthophoto map. This paper aims to show the potential of UAV in orthophoto map creation. UAV photogrammetry describes a photogrammetric measurement platform, which operates remotely controlled, semi-autonomously, or autonomously, without a pilot sitting in the vehicle. The large format aerial camera in conventional photogrammetry is replaced with small format digital camera in UAV photogrammetry. For general area, the amount of forward overlap and side overlap is 75% and 60% respectively. For forest area, the amount of forward overlap and side overlap is 85% and 70% respectively as the UAV flight altitude will be higher. The whole workflow is introduced in the paper, where 461 images were collected with DJI Phantom 4 Pro with camera model FC6310. The flight mission was completed using PIX4D Capture. An orthophoto map covering an area of 250458 m2 was produced using Agisoft PhotoScan. The output is an orthophoto map of UTHM Pagoh Campus with good quality that can portray the overview of the area and benefits the users with the most updated information.