Community-based Nature-based Solutions (Cb-NbS) are increasingly important in climate change adaptation and mitigation, yet their implementation has not provided equitable participation or fair benefit-sharing, particularly for women and persons with disabilities. This study examines the barriers and drivers of gender-disability inclusion in Cb-NbS and their implications for governance and socio-ecological outcomes. The study was conducted through a Systematic Literature Review following the PRISMA guidelines and PICO framework, based on selected articles from Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, supplemented by relevant literature. Findings indicate that exclusion is primarily driven by inequalities in land or resource access, technically “neutral” policies that lack gender and disability sensitivity, and elite capture practices. At the social level, patriarchal norms and domestic workloads limit women’s time and legitimacy, often restricting their involvement to formal participation without decision-making influence. Regarding disability, dominant barriers include accessibility (spatial and communication), lack of reasonable accommodation, and weak disaggregated data. Enabling factors consistently emerge through the strengthening of women’s organizations and leadership, transparent accountability and benefit-sharing mechanisms, and the involvement of organizations of persons with disabilities from the design stage. Suggested policy implications emphasize a gender-transformative approach: ensuring access or tenure prerequisites and benefit control for women, designing decision-making forums to be safe and compatible with care burdens (flexible schedules, childcare support), establishing accessibility standards as program requirements, and mandating gender and disability-disaggregated data for monitoring benefit equity.
Diana et al. (Mon,) studied this question.