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June 4, 20260 citationsOpen Access

Proof of the Riemann Hypothesis via Euler Product Linearization and Self-Adjoint Operator Recursion

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JYJianning Yang

Key Points

  • This research aims to provide a complete proof of the Riemann Hypothesis through advanced mathematical constructs.
  • Developed a sequence of finite-dimensional self-adjoint matrices equivalent to the truncated Riemann xi function.
  • Applied mathematical induction to show eigenvalues converge to the squares of non-trivial zeros of the Riemann zeta function.
  • Extended finite-dimensional results to the infinite-dimensional case using the monotone convergence theorem.
  • Established that eigenvalues of self-adjoint matrices converge to the squares of imaginary parts of non-trivial Riemann zeros.
  • Proved existence of a unique infinite-dimensional self-adjoint operator whose spectrum matches the Riemann zeros.
  • Concluded that all non-trivial zeros of the Riemann zeta function have real part 1/2, confirming the Riemann Hypothesis.

Abstract

We present a complete proof of the Riemann Hypothesis based on the fundamental structure of the Euler product and spectral theory of self-adjoint operators. Starting from the arithmetic fundamental theorem, we linearize the multiplicative structure of prime numbers and construct a sequence of finite-dimensional self-adjoint matrices that are strictly equivalent to the truncated Riemann xi function. Using mathematical induction, we prove that the eigenvalues of these matrices converge in order to the squares of the imaginary parts of the non-trivial zeros of the Riemann zeta function, and self-adjointness is strictly preserved under recursion. By the monotone convergence theorem for self-adjoint operators, we extend the finite-dimensional results to the infinite-dimensional case, proving the existence of a unique infinite-dimensional self-adjoint operator whose spectrum is exactly the set of squares of the imaginary parts of all Riemann zeros. Since the spectrum of a self-adjoint operator is necessarily real, we conclude that all non-trivial zeros of the Riemann zeta function have real part 1/2, establishing the Riemann Hypothesis.2020 Mathematics Subject Classification: 11M26, 47A10

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Cite This Study

Jianning Yang (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a211781d499ed480b1705d3https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20436692
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  1. 1Complete and Rigorous Proof of the Riemann Hypothesis via a Compact Self-Adjoint Operator Derived from Mellin Transform with Effective Zero-Free Regions2025
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  3. 3A Spectral Proof of the Riemann Hypothesis via a Divisor-Based Algebraic Framework2026
  4. 4The Riemann Hypothesis via the TEBAC HP Program: A Hilbert–Pólya Spectral Proof Through the GL(1) Completed Xi-Function2026
  5. 5A Complete Proof of the Riemann Hypothesis via an Explicit Hilbert-Pólya Operator2026