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January 1, 2014Vojnosanitetski pregled66 citationsOpen Access

Understanding sensitivity, specificity and predictive values

MSMiodrag StojanovićMAMarija Andjelkovic ApostolovicDSDijana Stojanović

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Abstract

Objective : Due to doctors and medical research workers are not so common with the statistical methods, the aim of this paper is to explain the basics of sensitivity, specificity and predictive values using simple logic formulas, and presenting the samples from medical practice. Data sources: Scientific literature related to epidemiology and statistical tests. Results: Validity of diagnostic test is estimated by sensitivity, specificity and predictive values and the best method for their calculation is based on 2 x 2 contingency table. Sensitivity and specificity represent the power of a diagnostic test to discriminate between those with and without disease. Positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) are used to estimate the probability of disease in an individual patient and depend on the disease prevalence of tested population. Conclusion: Understanding sensitivity, specificity and predictive values is important to describe the accuracy of diagnostic tests and use in our day-to-day clinical and research practice. Key words: Sensitivity, Specificity, Positive predictive value (PPV), Negative predictive value (NPV) Sažetak Cilj: Obzirom na cinjenicu da lekari i naucnici iz oblasti medicine nisu dovoljno upoznati sa statistickim metodama, cilj ovog rada je da objasni osnove senzitivnosti, specificnosti i prediktivnih vrednosti, koristeci jednostavne formule i primere iz medicinske prakse . Izvor podataka: Naucna literatura iz oblasti epidemiologije i statistickih testova. Rezultati: Validnost dijagnostickog testa se procenjuje pomocu senzitivnosti, specificnosti i prediktivnih vrednosti, a najbolji metod za njihovo izracunavanje je baziran na tabelama kontingencije 2 x 2. Senzitivnost i specificnost pokazuju snagu testa da determinise osobe sa i bez prisustva određene bolesti. Pozitivna prediktivna vrednost (PPV) i negativna prediktivna vrednost (NPV) se koriste u proceni verovatnoce prisustva ili odsustva bolesti kod pojedinca i zavise od prevalence bolesti u određenoj populaciji. Zakljucak: Razumevanje senzitivnosti, specificnosti i prediktivnih vrednosti je znacajno za određivanje preciznosti dijagnostickih testova kao i njihovoj upotrebi u svakodnevnoj klinickoj i naucnoistraživackoj praksi. Kljucne reci: Senzitivnost, Specificnost, Pozitivna prediktivna vesnost, Negativna prediktivna vrednost

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Cite This Study

Stojanović et al. (2014) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a22262a90e08a9539582065https://doi.org/10.2298/vsp1411062s
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