Gender and its representation in contemporary visual art

The aim of this study was to conduct a comprehensive examination of the evolution of gender representation in visual art from a historical perspective. The study examined the works of female artists such as S. Sherman, Y. Morimura, T. de Lempicka and Y. Ono, who challenged traditional notions of women in art and fought against systemic barriers. Particular attention was paid to the feminist critical thought presented by L. Nochlin, who analysed the structural problems complicating the representation of women in art. An assessment was provided of how historical and cultural contexts shaped the depiction of male and female roles across different eras. The influence of classical concepts on the creation of gender archetypes, which have long dominated art, was analysed. The study focused on feminist movements and their impact on the visual arts, and also examined contemporary trends in art, such as the influence of postmodernism and the critique of gender stereotypes. Artists such as J. Saville have actively explored new forms of expression and self-identification that go beyond traditional gender roles. The article also highlighted the impact of globalisation on contemporary art, which is fostering new approaches to the exploration of gender identity. Separate attention was paid to the social and cultural consequences of this evolution, including how contemporary art influences the emergence of new images and the re-evaluation of social standards. The study examined how artistic practices can contribute to broadening perceptions of gender and influence public discourse. The practical significance of the findings lies in deepening the understanding of gender representation in contemporary visual art, which can be used to shape a more inclusive art education, develop critical thinking in cultural studies, and support artistic practices that contribute to the rethinking of gender stereotypes