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A 127° electrostatic cylindrical analyzer has been adapted for photoemission measurements. The resolution of the unit is 1.3% at 20 eV, increasing to 3.5% at 2 eV. The transmission is about 9% for energies higher than 6 eV. Integral photocurrents down to 10−15 A can be analyzed with a signal-to-noise ratio of 100. Digital data acquisition allows differentiation of the measured energy distribution spectra to enhance structure. The result is equivalent to an ac modulation technique with a considerable improvement in signal-to-noise ratio for a given integration time. Data on platinum are used as an example.
Feuerbacher et al. (Sun,) studied this question.
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