Introduction and Objective: Evidence on coffee intake timing and diabetes risk is limited. We examined data-driven coffee intake timing patterns in relation blood metabolites and incident diabetes. Methods: In HCHS/SOL, coffee intake timing was assessed by two 24-hour dietary recalls in 2008-11. Among coffee consumers, 8 timing patterns were identified with a two-step clustering approach and 20 timing features (timepoints, duration, and distribution; Fig). Cox models assessed associations with incident diabetes (n=7091, 1603 cases via 2024). In a subset (n=4075), 653 blood metabolites (2008-11) were examined in relation to coffee timing patterns and longitudinal HbA1c and OGTT 2-h glucose (6975 measurements over 6 years). Sociodemographic, lifestyle, and dietary covariates were adjusted. Results: Compared with Nighttime Drinkers, Late Morning Drinkers (HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.44-0.96) and Morning-Afternoon Drinkers (HR 0.56, 95% CI 0.37-0.85) had lower diabetes risk. We identified 26 metabolites related to these two timing patterns (FDR0.1). Of these, 13 metabolites, involved in fatty-acid oxidation flux, showed consistent associations between coffee timing patterns and glycemic traits (Fig). Conclusion: Late morning coffee intake was independently related to lower diabetes risk beyond total intake, suggesting coffee timing as a modifiable factor for diabetes prevention. Disclosure Y. Zhang: None. B. Peters: None. Y. Mossavar-Rahmani: None. C. Cordero: None. B. Yu: None. R. Kaplan: None. Q. Qi: None.
ZHANG et al. (Fri,) studied this question.