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June 17, 20260 citationsOpen Access

Multi-Orientation Edge-Minimum Repair for Non-Redundant Fault-Tolerant Broadcasting in Dense Eisenstein–Jacobi Networks

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BABader AlBader

Key Points

  • The research aims to improve broadcast repair methods in dense Eisenstein–Jacobi networks by minimizing edge usage while ensuring efficient message delivery.
  • Proposed the EJ-MOEM method focusing on hexagonal broadcast-tree orientations.
  • Evaluated connectivity requirements and necessary external repair edges based on healthy components.
  • Conducted extensive validation through fault enumeration and structured theorem-critical tests.
  • Confirmed that c - 1 external repair edges are necessary and sufficient for connectivity, where c is the number of healthy components.
  • Proved a depth-certificate theorem showing maximum repair depths of t + 1 for one-fault and t + 2 for two-fault placements.
  • Achieved 100% success in extensive testing without violating established theorems, distinguishing the approach from others.

Abstract

Dense Eisenstein–Jacobi (EJ) networks are degreesix algebraic interconnection networks whose finite quotient geometry is naturally represented by a hexagonal axial-coordinate ball. This paper studies non-redundant one-to-all broadcast repair in the dense EJ network generated by α = (t + 1) + tω, where t is the network diameter. We propose EJ-MOEM, a multi-orientation edge-minimum repair method that evaluates a constant-size family of hexagonal broadcast-tree orientations, selects a fault-aware candidate, contracts the fault-pruned tree into healthy components, and reconnects these components using external component-crossing repair edges. The resulting structure is a rooted spanning tree of the healthy subgraph: every healthy node receives the message exactly once, no faulty node is used, and the original healthy tree components are preserved. We prove that, for a chosen orientation whose fault-pruned component graph is connected, exactly c − 1 external repair edges are necessary and sufficient, where c is the number of healthy components. We also prove a depth-certificate theorem for EJ coordinate-reduction trees: every one-fault placement admits a repair of depth at most t + 1, and every two-fault placement admits a repair of depth at most t + 2. The proof uses the three-strip representation of EJ hexagons, a sector-suffix attachment lemma, a non-adjacent-sector separation lemma, and a six-direction shielding classification for paired cuts. Extended validation includes exhaustive one- and two-fault enumeration for t = 2, . . . , 12, 14, 16, 18 (up to N = 1027 and 525,825 two-fault placements at t = 18), structured theorem-critical tests through t = 30, and large random tests through t = 200, all with 100% success and no violation of the theorem. The results show that post-fault local broadcast repair in EJ networks is distinct from precomputed tree-diversity approaches and from the Gaussian degree-four case.

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Cite This Study

Bader AlBader (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a323a2ad50b63ecad205552https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20691537
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