Meta-analysis is a statistical technique used to synthesize findings from multiple studies, providing a comprehensive understanding of a given research question. This paper explores the fundamental principles of meta-analysis, including its methodology, advantages, and challenges. It discusses key steps such as study selection, data extraction, effect size calculation, and statistical modelling. Additionally, issues related to heterogeneity, publication bias, and the reliability of results are examined. By systematically integrating data from various sources, meta-analysis enhances the validity and generalizability of research findings, making it a valuable tool in evidence-based decision-making. However, methodological limitations and biases must be carefully managed to ensure robust conclusions. This paper aims to provide a clear overview of meta-analysis for researchers and practitioners, highlighting its significance and best practices in various scientific disciplines.
Marco Tommasi (Mon,) studied this question.