Traumatic brain injury is prevalent, resulting from various injury settings, and results in persistent cognitive changes.Traumatic brain injury (TBI) affects processing speed, attention, memory, and executive function.The PROTECT-TBI cohort of 15,764 participants showed a dose-and severitydependent association with attention and executive function, demonstrating half the processing speed and working memory of controls 1.How do these cognitive adversities present clinically?One patient reported, "It's like my brain has a hole, and things tend to fall out."2 In the context of physicians' day-to-day interactions with their patients, these changes may appear as failures to understand and follow instructions (processing speed), not remembering prior test results and instructions (memory), not being able to organize their lives around their responsibilities and taking care of themselves (executive function), or driving while sleepy (decision making).The relationship between TBI symptoms and sleep disorders is bidirectional.Up to 50% of patients with TBI develop one or more sleep disorders, including insomnia,
Sharafkhaneh et al. (Tue,) studied this question.