This study proposes a system identification (SI) technique based on the constrained recursive least squares (CRLS) method to model the dynamics of the P-SUROII. By simplifying the dynamic model in consideration of the inherent characteristics of underwater vehicles and minimizing the number of parameters to be estimated, the proposed approach aims to improve estimation accuracy. In addition, a simplified thruster input model was applied to quantify the actual thruster output and improve the reliability of the input data. To satisfy the persistent excitation (PE) condition during the estimation process, experiments incorporating various motion modes were designed, and free-running and S-shaped maneuvering tests were additionally conducted to validate the model’s generalization capability and prediction performance. The coefficients estimated using the CRLS method, which is robust to noise and bias, were evaluated using quantitative similarity metrics such as root mean squared error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE), confirming their validity. The proposed method effectively captures the actual dynamics of the underwater vehicle and is expected to serve as a key enabling technology for the future development of high-performance control systems and autonomous operation systems.
Kang et al. (Sat,) studied this question.