Role of Serotonin in the Human Body

The objective of this article is to review recent literature on the functions of serotonin in the human body, its metabolism, hormonal and mediator effects. The article reviews modern concepts of serotonin receptors and their main functions and localization in the central nervous system (CNS) and gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Imbalance of serotonergic neurons functions affects the development of CNS and GI pathologies. Peripheral serotonin plays an important role in the function of platelets, intestine and pancreas. Tryptophan hydroxylase type 2 inhibitors have shown therapeutic efficacy in GI diseases.