Cerebrospinal Fluid as a Therapeutic Medium for Magnetic Nanoparticle Transport in Brain Cancer Hyperthermia

Abstract Neuronanomedicine is a promising interdisciplinary field combining two critical fields—neuroscience and nanotechnology. This study focuses on the engineering of magnetized nanoparticles (MNPs) in diagnosing and treating neurological disorders and brain cancer. Additionally, this mechanism enhances the effectiveness of magnetic-guided drug delivery. The alternating magnetic field is applied to control the directions of the MNPs to target the tumor cells. This study approaches the radiotherapy techniques of magnetic hyperthermia therapy (MHT), wherein the thermal radiative heat transfer effect is applied to achieve homogenous heating to destroy cancer cells. MNPs are injected through the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) transport in the glymphatic system. The elastic properties of the cerebral arteries cause peristaltic propulsion for the resulting nanofluid. Therefore, the effective Maxwell model for the nanofluid thermal conductivity is selected. The nanofluid governing equations are solved using the perturbation technique under small wavelength number and long wavelength approximation with small Reynolds number. Additionally, the effects of thermal slip and elastic properties boundary conditions are incorporated. The graphical results for the streamwise velocity, pressure, and temperature distributions are plotted using MATLAB package considering the different effects of the magnetic flux intensity, thermal radiation parameter, thermal slipping at boundaries, elastic wall properties, and nanoparticle concentration. The results demonstrate the strong impact of the magnetic field and radiation heating in terms of enhancing the nanofluid CSF flow behavior and destroying cancer.