Corelation Between Preoperative Pathoses, Position of Impacted Mandibular Third Molar and Demographic Characteristics

Third mandibular molars mainly appear to be in an inappropriate position in dental arch, so become the teeth which barely erupt or stay impacted in jaws. The aim of this study is to analyze the correlation between the preoperative pathologies with the position of the impacted third mandibular molar, sex and age of the patients. The sample of the study consisted of a total of 80 patients, of both sexes, diagnosed with fully or partially impacted third mandibular molars, who were followed up after the surgery for a three-month period. All the patients were clinically examined and for each of them was registered a panoramic radiography, to analyze the factors causing the pathology, which leads to the surgical extraction of the teeth. The most manifested preoperative pathologies correlating to the position of impacted mandibular third molars were: resorption of distal root of mandibular second adjacent molar, caries of second adjacent molar, pericoronitis, periodontal disease, frontal incisal mandibular crowding. All the pathologies were associated with the tooth position, some differed by age and gender. We conclude that preoperative complaints related to the position of the impacted third mandibular molar are in positive proportion to the age of the patients, i.e. subjective complaints increase with age: pain, limited opening of the mouth, local inflammation of the gingiva and paresthesia. The position of the impacted third mandibular molar affects the occurrence of preoperative pathologies: pericoronitis was most prevalent in impacted third mandibular molars with vertical position, class II, A position and partial impaction; periodontal diseases of second adjacent mandibular molar are most prevalent in impacted third mandibular molar with mesioangular position, class III, B position and partial impaction.