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Abstract Background A multidrug-resistant clinical A. baumannii isolate with resistance to most antibiotics was isolated from a patient at an intensive care unit. The genetic environment, transcriptome, mobile, and resistome were characterized. Method The MicroScan system, disc diffusion, and broth microdilution were used to determine the resistance profile of the isolate. A multiplex PCR assay was also used to screen for carbapenemases and mcr-1 to -5 resistance genes. Efflux-pump inhibitors were used to evaluate efflux activity. The resistome, mobilome, epigenome, and transcriptome were characterized. Results chromosomal genomic islands aligned with known plasmids. There was a closer evolutionary relationship between the strain and global strains but not local or regional strains; the resistomes also differed. Significantly expressed/repressed genes (6.2%) included resistance genes, hypothetical proteins, mobile elements, methyltransferases, transcription factors, membrane and efflux proteins. The genomic evolution observed in this strain explains its adaptability and pandrug resistance and shows its genomic plasticity on exposure to antibiotics.
Mmatli et al. (Tue,) studied this question.