The wave-like disk oscillations of mono-age stellar populations in the Solar neighbourhood from Gaia DR3

ABSTRACT The North–South asymmetry in the number density and bulk velocity of stars in the Solar neighbourhood provides valuable insights into the formation and evolution of the Milky Way disc. Our objective is to investigate the wave-like disc oscillations of mono-age stellar populations in the Solar neighbourhood using data from Gaia Data Release 3. We have selected a comprehensive sample of main-sequence turn-off stars. The ages of these stars can be accurately determined using isochrone fitting methods. Our findings indicate that the North–South density and mean vertical velocity asymmetries remain consistent across all age groups. The uniformity of perturbations across all subsamples suggests that all populations are responding to the same external influence, which likely affects them irrespective of their age. Moreover, the fact that these perturbations appear consistently implies they could be either ongoing or recent. Regarding vertical velocity dispersions, we observe that older stars exhibit larger dispersions.