Toponyms of the Kazakh Steppes in the South of the Ile, Presented on Chinese Maps of the Xviii-Xix Centuries

This article is devoted to the study of toponyms of the Kazakh steppe in the south of the Il River, as they are represented on maps of China of the XVIII-XIX centuries. The research is aimed at identifying and analyzing the geographical names of this region on historical maps created by Chinese cartographers during the specified time period. The aim of the work is to identify and interpret the toponymy of the Kazakh steppe in the south of the Il, represented on historical maps of China. The authors of the article analyze various card sources, including maps, atlases and guidebooks, in order to identify the evolution and changes in the toponymy of this region during the XVIII-XIX centuries. The research methodology is based on a comprehensive analysis of historical cartographic materials using modern methods of geoinformation analysis and linguistic approaches to the analysis of toponymy. The authors take into account the similarities and differences in the names of localities on various maps, as well as their possible causes, such as political changes, cultural contacts and language transformations. The results of the study can be useful for understanding historical processes in this region, as well as for expanding scientific knowledge about the cultural and geographical environment and the historical heritage of the Kazakh steppe. The study can also contribute to a better understanding of the interrelationships between the cultural and geographical features of a given region and their reflection on historical maps.