Unravelling lung adenocarcinoma in an immunocompetent patient with endobronchial aspergilloma: A case report

Abstract Inhalation of Aspergillus spp. can cause a wide spectrum of lung diseases. Endobronchial aspergilloma is an uncommon clinical entity that occurs because of Aspergillus spp. overgrowth in the airway lumen. We present a 73‐year‐old gentleman with a rare dual pathology of endobronchial aspergilloma and endobronchial adenocarcinoma. He initially presented with prolonged cough, dyspnoea, and haemoptysis. Bronchoscopy revealed an obstructed right main bronchus by a necrotic mass whereby histological examination showed evidence of Aspergillus spp. infection. The lesion however persisted despite treatment with anti‐fungal agents. Repeated bronchoscopy and biopsy eventually unravelled an underlying endobronchial adenocarcinoma. He received chemotherapy but ultimately passed away 3 months later.