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PML is a rare opportunistic infection of the central nervous system in the PLHIV Patient. Here, we document a case report where a HIV-positive individual developed Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML), caused by the reactivation of the John Cunningham virus (JCV) (which leads to the infection of the oligodendrocytes in the brain), Who presented to us with the complaint of the progressive decline in both consciousness and movement. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed multiple irregular white-matter lesions in various brain regions which raise the suspicion of PML and the presence of JC viral DNA via the RTPCR in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) confirmed the diagnosis of PML. Hence, we suggest considering PML in these type of presentation as described above in HIV patients. While it is uncommon, Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) can occasionally be the initial sign of AIDS.
A Wed, study studied this question.