Probing for chiral Z′ gauge boson through scattering measurement experiments

Motivated by the observation that tiny neutrino mass cannot be explained within the framework of the Standard Model, we consider extra gauge extended scenarios in which tiny neutrino masses are generated through the seesaw mechanism. These scenarios are equipped with a beyond the Standard Model neutral gauge boson called Z′ in the general U(1)X symmetry, which is a linear combination of U(1)Y and U(1)B−L. In this case, left- and right-handed fermions interact differently with the Z′. The Z′ gives rise to different processes involving neutrino-nucleon, neutrino-electron, electron-nucleus, and electron-muon scattering processes. By comparing with proton and electron beam-dump experiment data, recast data from searches for the long-lived and dark photon at , LHCb, and CMS experiments, the electron and muon g−2 data, and the data of the dilepton and dijet searches at the LEP experiment, we derive bounds on the gauge coupling and the corresponding gauge boson mass for different U(1)X charges and evaluate the prospective limits from the future beam-dump scenarios at DUNE, FASER (2), and ILC. We conclude that large parameter regions could be probed by scattering, beam-dump, and collider experiments in the future. Published by the American Physical Society 2024