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Purpose: Lymphocyte subpopulation distribution and activation at the time of the window of implantation are likely to play a critical role in pregnancy loss.This study was planned to evaluate the prevalence of natural killer (NK) cells in the mid-secretory endometrium of women with recurrent miscarriage (RM) versus fertile controls. Methods:The study group comprised 35 women with a history of two or more spontaneous abortions and 12 healthy fertile women as a control group.Mid-secretory endometrial tissue samples were obtained with a pipeline catheter, and endometrial NK cell phenotypes were determined by flow cytometry.Results: While other endometrial lymphocyte populations remained constant, uterine NK cells in women with RM increased in the secretory phase.CD16+NK cell expression levels in women with RM were significantly higher than that of the fertile controls (0.57 vs. 0.08; p<0.005, respectively).However, decreased expression of CD4+ and CD4+3 cells and reduced ratio of CD4+/ CD8+ were observed in women with RM. Conclusion:Significantly increased levels of CD16+ in the endometrium of women with RM suggest that NK cells may have a significant role in the etiology of RM.
Yılmaz et al. (Mon,) studied this question.