The Role of Family Dynamics in Shaping Mental Health and Gender Equality in Pakistan

This quantitative study examines the impact of family dynamics on shaping mental health outcomes and perceptions of gender equality in Pakistan. Using a quantitative design, data were collected from 300 undergraduate students across public and private universities through standardized instruments, including the Family Environment Scale (FES), the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), and a Gender Equality Attitude Scale. Correlation and regression analyses were employed to investigate the predictive relationship between family cohesion, conflict, and communication patterns, and mental health, as well as gender-related attitudes. Findings revealed that higher levels of family cohesion and open communication were positively associated with better mental health (p < 0.02) and more egalitarian views on gender roles (p < 0.05). Conversely, elevated family conflict was linked to poorer psychological well-being and traditional gender role orientations. These results highlight the crucial role of family structures and interactions in fostering both psychological resilience and progressive gender norms in Pakistani society. The study highlights the importance of family-centered interventions and educational initiatives that promote both mental health and gender equality simultaneously.