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This is a Quantitative Study study.

October 10, 2025

Economic Security of Enterprises in Ukraine in the Context of Cyber Threats From the Russian Federation During the Russo-Ukrainian War

VKValentyna KutsykState University of Trade and Economics THTetiana Horodnia MKMaksym Kulchytskyi

Key Points

Cyber threats significantly undermine the economic security of critical infrastructure in Ukraine during the war, impacting operations and stability.
62% of Ukrainian companies lack a response strategy to cyber crises, indicating a high vulnerability in the current conflict situation.
DDoS attacks, phishing, and data leaks from the Russian Federation pose severe risks to economic stability and operational continuity.
Identifying key barriers to cyber defense in Ukraine, such as staffing and funding, is crucial for enhancing overall security measures.

Abstract

The article examines the impact of systemic cyberattacks in the context of the full-scale armed aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine, where cyberspace has become a strategic front of hybrid warfare. The main goal of the article is a systematic study of cyberthreats that directly affect the economic security of enterprises, as well as the development of practical recommendations for minimizing their damage. The object of the study is the enterprises of critical infrastructure of Ukraine: the energy sector, telecom, financial institutions, transport and logistics hubs and large agricultural structures. The subject is the processes of cyber defense of these enterprises in the conditions of hybrid warfare, the context of the aggression of the Russian Federation, internal organizational measures, legal environment and institutional support. Special attention is paid to attacks on enterprises of critical importance – energy, financial, telecommunications and logistics, the defeat of which threatens the economic stability of the state. It was determined that cyberattacks carried out by the Russian Federation and its accomplices are of a systematic, coordinated nature and are aimed at critical infrastructure. They include DDoS campaigns, phishing attacks, data leaks, account hacks, the use of botnets and even social engineering sabotage through corporate networks. Based on the analysis of the Calibrated survey data, the low level of readiness of Ukrainian companies for cybercrisis was established: 62% do not have a response strategy, 39% – an anti-crisis communication plan, and 30% – a systematic risk assessment. It was shown that cyberthreats have not only technical, but also deep economic consequences – the cessation of operational activities, loss of data, reduced customer trust and financial destabilization. Key barriers in building cyber defense were identified: lack of qualified personnel, funding and the pace of threat evolution. Comprehensive recommendations are proposed for strengthening digital security: implementation of technologies (Zero Trust, realtime monitoring, AI), organizational changes, and strategic planning. The results obtained are of practical value for business and the state in the conditions of modern cyberwarfare.

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