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This paper presents a comparison study between two different PV system technologies. The first PV system is based on single crystalline silicon (Hemo 06) and (with 12 bus bars). The second system is based on multi-crystalline silicon, which is installed and oriented in the same direction and fixed at the same angle as single-crystalline silicon. The study was conducted in Iraq, specifically in the city of Kirkuk. All seasons were taken into consideration, and data were recorded over a full year (from March 2024 to March 2025). In addition to the orientation of the solar panels, ambient temperature measurements were also considered, reaching approximately 48°C. The results show that the monocrystalline silicon system outperforms the polycrystalline system in terms of performance and reliability, with a performance improvement of up to 12.3 percent, especially in the spring and fall seasons. This is due to the superior material quality and the influence of temperature and lighting hours.
Hasan et al. (Tue,) studied this question.