Metrology 4.0 embeds metrological methods into smart manufacturing environments, using connected devices, automated workflows, and streaming data analytics to inform production decisions. Its enabling technologies include networked sensors, machine learning and AI, digital twin models, and cloud-native services that underpin measurement workflows. The transition to digital metrology introduces new benefits—including real-time quality control, improved productivity, collaborative innovation, and reduced costs—while also presenting challenges related to data security, interoperability, and model transparency. Digital metrology’s maturation supports smart factory operations and could play an important role in the transition to Industry 5.0, which prioritizes collaboration and trust.
Han et al. (Thu,) studied this question.