In this work we introduce a unified framework, hereafter referred to as the Theory of Reality (TR), where the vacuum is described as a continuous physical substrate operating at maximal saturation density, whose fundamental state is global volumetric expansion. Gravity is not treated as fundamental geometric curvature, but as a local reaction to global cosmological expansion in the presence of material obstructions.Mass is defined as a volume exclusion of the flow rather than a density perturbation. Electromagnetism emerges from the vorticity of the substrate, while the strong interaction corresponds to the regime of extreme saturation of the flow and the weak interaction to rotational instabilities under global expansion. It is shown that the fundamental constants emerge from the pair (ρs, c) and that the Hubble tension can be interpreted as a volumetric geometric consequence of the model.
HUGO CUSTÓDIO DA SILVA (Sun,) studied this question.